Transcription of V.MANIMARAN LECTURER - India’s Premier …
1 PARENTERALSUNIT OF PHARMACEUTICSSRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACYINTRODUCTION The administration of drugs through the patient by injection under through one or more layer of the skin or mucous membrane. The term parenteral derives from the greek word1. Para (outside )2. Enteron (Intestine) It denotes that route of administration other than oral It provides rapid onset of action It provides immediate therapeutic action It can be administered accurate dose. It can be given to patients who cannot take oral medication. It minimize the first pass effect. It provides more bioavailabilitydisadvantage It should be administred aseptically It produces pain at the site of injection The administred of drug through wrong route may prove fatal effect Self administration is not possible If pyrogenic preparations lead to very harmful of administration Intra Muscular (IM) Intra dermal (ID) Intravenous (IV) Subcutaneous / Hypodermic (SC) Intra articular Intra synovial Intra spinal Intrathecal Intrarterial Intra cardiac Intra cisternal Intra peritonial IntraplueralTYPES OF PARENTERALS9 Powder for injection Eg.
2 Cefuroxime for injection 9 Colloidal solution Eg. Iron dextran9 Injectable emulsion Eg. Propofol USP9 Injectable suspension Eg. Methylprednisolone acetate9 Oily injection (solution) Eg. Dimercaprol injection. 9 Infusion fluid PREFORMULATION FACTORS:It is study about physical & chemical properties of drug substance prior formulation is called as are pHSolubiltypka Dissociation constantCompatabilty studies FTIR / DSCO xidation & reduction particle sizeFORMULATION OF PARENTERALS1. Solutes substance Antimicrobial agent Buffers Antioxidants Tonicity agent Cryoprotectant Suspending agent Emulsifying WFINon aqueous Eg. arachis oil GENERAL PROCEDURE Cleaning & washing of container ,closures Preparation of solutions Sterilizaation (Filteration) Filling Packaging Lyophilization techniques9It is a process of removal of solvent from the product or substances is called as consist of three stepsFreezing Primary drying Secondary drying Creteria for parenterals9 Sterility9 Pyrogen9 Isotonicity9 Stability9Ph9 Osmotic pressureContainers & ( single dose )Vials( multiple dose)CartridgesAutomatic closure with aluminium capsSmall volume parenterals: less than 100mlLarge volume parenterals : more than 100mlEvaluation test for parenterals9 Test for pyrogen9 Sterilty testing9 Rabbit test9 Clarity test9 LAL test9 Leaker testthank you
