SLWS237A –NOVEMBER 2012–REVISED NOVEMBER …

1 MGNDVCPCSFGCPNVCCWUPWMINVCPPV5 FSFRRDCOM12345678910111213141516 ProductFolderSample &BuyTechnicalDocumentsTools &SoftwareSupport &CommunityDRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 REVISEDNOVEMBER2014 DRV1187312-V, 3-Phase,SensorlessBLDCM otorDriver1 Features3 DescriptionDRV11873is a three-phase,sensorlessmotordriver1 InputVoltageRange:5 to 16 VwithintegratedpowerMOSFET swithdrivecurrent Six to specificallydesignedfor fan motordrive TotalDriverH + L RDSON450 m built-inovercurrent SensorlessProprietaryBMEFC ontrolSchemeprotectionwithno externalcurrentsenseresistor 150 SynchronousRectificationPWMO perationoperationachievesincreasedeffici encyfor and RD to FG and RD Open-DrainOutputindicatemotorstatuswith 150 5-V LDOfor ExternalUse up to 20 mAsensorlessBEMF controlschemeis implementedfor PWMINI nputfrom7 to 100 kHza availablein the specifiedfrom 40 C toThroughExternalResistor125 C. LockDetection VoltageSurgeProtectionDeviceInformation( 1) UVLOPARTNUMBERPACKAGEBODYSIZE(NOM) ThermalShutdownDRV11873 HTSSOP(16) (1) For all availablepackages,see the orderableaddendumat2 Applicationsthe end of the datasheet.

2 ApplianceCoolingFan DesktopCoolingFan ServerCoolingFan4 SimplifiedSchematic1An IMPORTANTNOTICEat the end of this datasheetaddressesavailability,warranty, changes,use in safety-criticalapplications,intellectual propertymattersand NOVEMBER2012 Applicationand Pin Configurationand Deviceand Mechanical,Packaging,and RevisionHistoryChangesfromOriginal(Novem ber2012)to RevisionAPage AddedHandlingRatingstable,FeatureDescrip tionsection,DeviceFunctionalModes,Applic ationandImplementationsection,PowerSuppl yRecommendationssection,Layoutsection,De viceand DocumentationSupportsection,andMechanica l,Packaging,and Changed 2012 2014, NOVEMBER2012 REVISEDNOVEMBER20146 Pin Configurationand FunctionsPWPP ackage16 Pins(TopView)Pin FunctionsPINI/O(1) Pull low for lower-speedmotorand pull high for outputperiodis equalto 6 electricalstates(FG).RD3 OIn the lock condition,RD outputis high througha pullupresistorto VCCor 5 outputGND8 GroundpinV9 OPhaseV outputU10 OPhaseU outputVCC11 IInputvoltagefor motorand chip supplyvoltageV512O5-V the motordoesnot havea commonwire,seeApplicationandCOM13 IImplementationfor A resistorset-upcurrentlimit is connectedbetweenthis pin and voltageacrossthe resistorcompareswith the voltageconvertedfromthe bottomMOSFETs' 'currentis high,the part goesinto the overcurrentprotectionmodeby turningoff the top PWMMOSFETand keepingthe (A) = 6600/ RCS( ); Equationvalidrange:500 mA < Ilimit< 2000mAFR15 ISet high for low or floatingfor The PWMinputsignalis convertedto a fixedswitchingfrequencyon the MOSFET driver.

3 (1)I = input,O = output,N/A = not availableCopyright 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedSubmitD ocumentationFeedback3 ProductFolderLinks:DRV11873 DRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 (unlessotherwisenoted)MINMAXUNITVCC (1)PWMIN,FS, FR 120U, V, W 120FG, RD (1)VCPN 40125 C(1)Voltagevaluesare with respectto the 55150 CHumanbodymodel(HBM),per ANSI/ESDA/JEDECJS-001,all pins(1) 40004000 ElectrostaticV(ESD)Chargeddevicemodel(CD M),per JEDEC specificationJESD22-C101,all pins(2) 10001000 VdischargeMachinemodel(MM) 200200(1)JEDEC documentJEP155statesthat 500-VHBM allowssafe manufacturingwith a standardESDcontrolprocess.(2)JEDEC documentJEP157statesthat 250-VCDM allowssafe manufacturingwith a (unlessotherwisenoted)MINMAXUNITS upplyvoltageVCC516VU, V, W , RD ,GND ,FR, FS 40125V4 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2012 2014, NOVEMBER2012 (1)PWPUNIT16 PINSR JC(top)Junction-to-case(top) C/W JC(bot)Junction-to-case(bottom) (1)For moreinformationabouttraditionaland new thermalmetrics,see theIC PackageThermalMetricsapplicationreport, 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedSubmitD ocumentationFeedback5 ProductFolderLinks:DRV11873 DRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 (unlessotherwisenoted)PARAMETERTESTCONDI TIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSUPPLYCURRENTIVCCS upplycurrentTA= 25 C; PWM= VCC; VCC= 12 ,TA= 25 threshold,TA= 25 25 C100200300mVhysteresisINTEGRATEDMOSFETTA = 25 C; VCC= 12 V; VCP= 19 V.

4 RDSONS eriesresistance(H + L) IOUT= APWMVPWM-IHHigh-levelinputvoltageVCC PWMPWM inputfrequency7100kHzIPWM-SOURCEPWM sourcecurrent355065 AFGIFG-SINKFG pin sink currentVFG= V5mAIFG-shortFG pin shortcurrentlimitVFG= 12 V2025mARDIRD-SINKRD pin sink currentVRD= V5mAIRD-shortRD pin shortcurrentlimitVRD= 12 V2025mAFR and FSVFR-IHHigh-levelinputvoltageVCC set thresholdvoltageVCC LDOvoltageVCC= 12 LDOload currentVCC= 12 V20mALOCKPROTECTIONFS = = = = pin to GNDresistor= k CHysteresis106 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2012 2014, NOVEMBER2012 12 VPWM duty = 10%FS = 1 Inputvoltage= 12 VPWM duty = 100%FS = 1t = 40 ms/divt = 20 ms/divFigure2. StartUp at 10%DutyFigure1. StartUp at 100%DutyInputvoltage= 12 VPWM duty = 100%FS = 1 Inputvoltage= 12 VPWM duty = 50%FS = 1t = 800 s/divt = 800 s/divFigure3. NormalOperationat 100%DutyFigure4. NormalOperationat 50%DutyInputvoltage= 12 VPWM duty = 100%FS = 1 Inputvoltage= 12 VPWM duty switchfrom100%to 20%t = 1 s/divt = 20 ms/divFS = 1 Figure5.

5 LockProtectionFigure6. AVSO perationCopyright 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedSubmitD ocumentationFeedback7 (V)Iload(mA) (V)VCC (V)0200400600800100012001400160018000510 1520 Speed/ (pm)VCC (V)0500010000150002000025000300000510152 0 Speed (rpm)VCC (V)0200400600800100012001400160002040608 0100120 Speed (rpm)PWM (%)0500010000150002000025000020406080100 120 SPeed (rpm)PWM (%)DRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 (continued)Figure7. FastMotorRPMvs Duty,FS = 1 Figure8. SlowMotorRPMvs Duty,FS = 0 Figure9. FastMotorRPMvs Voltage,FS = 1 Figure10. SlowMotorRPMvs Voltage,FS = 0 Figure11. 5-V LDOLineRegulationFigure12. 5-V LDOLoadRegulation8 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedProduct FolderLinks:DRV11873 Core LogicLockDetectionBandgapandUVLOGNDFGCOM VCCUGNDWVCSFSPWMVWP redriverThermaldetectionPredriverPredriv erGNDGNDVCCVCCVREFC harge PumpGNDRDVCPVCPVCPCPPCPN5V LDOVCCV5 FRVCCOSCUVLOP hase CurrentSenseIlimitCOMPVREFUAVSVWUGNDVCCG NDP hase NOVEMBER2012 REVISEDNOVEMBER20148 a three-phase,sensorlessmotordriverwithint egratedpowerMOSFET swithdrivecurrentcapabilityup to 2-A is specificallydesignedfor fan motordriveapplicationswithlow noiseand low built-inovercurrentprotectionwithno synchronousrectificationmodeof 5-V LDOis availableto provideup to 20 mA to an and RD to 150 sensorlessBEMF controlschemewasimplementedfor a fit a widerangeof fan motorswith the FS pin be controlledby adjustingVCCor providinga multiplebuilt-inprotectionblocksincludin gUVLO,overcurrentprotection,lockprotecti on, 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedSubmitD ocumentationFeedback9 ProductFolderLinks.

6 DRV11873 RPM =(FG 60)pole pairs?DRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 controlmotorspeedthrougheitherthe PWMINor VCCpin. Motorspeedincreaseswith higherPWMIN dutycycleor curveof motorspeed(RPM)vs PWMIN dutycycleor VCCinputvoltageis closeto linearin ,motorcharacteristicsaffectthe linearityof this operateat low VCCinputvoltage V. The PWMINpin is pulledup to V5 internallyand thefrequencyrangecan varyfrom7 to 100 a constantswitchingfrequencyof 125 kHz whenthe FS pin is pulledhigh and whenthe FS pin is pulledlow. Withthis highswitchingfrequency,DRV11873can eliminateaudiblenoiseand reducethe rippleof FG outputis a 50%duty squarewaveoutputin the frequencyrepresentsthemotorspeedand FG pin is an externalpullupresistoris neededtoconnectany startup, the FG outputremainsat highimpedanceuntilthe motorspeedreachesa certainleveland BEMFis FG is not used,this pin can be left FG pincan be tied to eitherV5 or VCCthrougha ,the pullupresistorvaluecan be 100 k protection,the FG outputremainshigh until the lockoutprotectionis dismissedand currentlimit functionis built in for the FG pin whichpreventsthe open-drainMOSFET fromdamageif VCCor V5 is accidentallyconnectedto the FG pin.

7 To calculateRPMbasedon FG frequency, FG is in hertz(Hz)(1) SettingDRV11873can fit a widerangeof fan motorsby settingthe FS pin. For highspeedfan motorswith low motorwindingresistanceand low inductance,the FS pin shouldbe low speedfan motorswith highmotorwindingresistanceand highinductance,the FS pin shouldbe pin selection,DRV11873can be usedfor wideapplicationsfromlow-speedrefrigerato rcoolingfansto statuscan only be set RD OutputIf the motoris blockedor stoppedby an externalforce,the lock protectionwill be detectiontime,the circuitmonitorsthe FG the FG outputdoesnot changestateduringthelock detectiontime,the lock protectionwill stopdrivingthe releasetime,DRV11873resumesdrivingthe the lock conditionis still present,DRV11873proceedswith the nextlock protectioncycleuntilthe lockconditionis lockprotection,the motorand devicedo not get differentFS settingdeterminesa differentlock detectionand lock theElectricalCharacteristicsfor the differentlock detectionand RD pin is an open-drainoutputwhichcan be tied to eitherV5 or VCCthrougha ,thepullupresistorvaluecan be 100 k or lock protectioncondition,the RD outputremainshighuntil the lock protectionis dismissedand restartis currentlimit functionis built in for the RD pinwhichpreventsthe open-drainMOSFET fromdamageif VCCor V5 is accidentallyconnectedto the RD an FR pin to set the motorfor forwardor , FR statusisset.

8 Duringnormaloperation,the spin directionof the motordoesnot changeif the FR statusis statuscan be resetif the PWMINis pulledlow; if FS is high,PWMmustbe pulledlow for 300 s, and if FS islow, PWMmustbe low for 600 s. Afterbeingpulleddownfor the appropriatetime,the FR statusresetsuponthe 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedProduct FolderLinks:DRV11873I (A) =6600 RCS( ) NOVEMBER2012 REVISEDNOVEMBER2014 FeatureDescription(continued) LDODRV11873has a built-in5-V LDOwhichcan outputa can provide5-V recommendsa F ceramiccapacitorto connectcloselyon the PCBlayoutbetweenthe V5pin and adjustovercurrentthroughthe externalresistorconnectedto the CS pin and externalcurrentsenseresistor,DRV11873sen sesthe currentthroughthe ,no powerloss occursduringthe currentsensearchitectureimprovesthe CS pin to ,DRV11873onlylimitsthe currentto the motorand it doesnot shutdownthe overcurrentthresholdcan be set bythe valueof the externalresistorthroughEquation2.

9 (2)Duringmotorstartup, the overcurrentlevelis increasedto timesthe valueset by RCS. If the overcurrentprotectionis triggeredduringthe startup sequence,the motorwill fail to a hysteresisof the UVLO thresholdis 200 mV. The deviceislockedout V and wokenup at a built-inthermalshutdownfunction,whichshu tsdownthe devicewhenthe junctiontemperatureis over160 C and resumesoperatingwhenthe junctiontemperaturedropsbackto 150 (AVS)The DRV11873has a protectionfeatureto preventany energyfromreturningto the powersupplywhenthemotoris ,AVS,protectsthe deviceas well as any motoris brakedto a lowerspeedand whenthe motoris startup,commutationlogicstartsto drivethe motorwith one phasehigh,one phaselow, and the thirdshut a zero-crossis detectedon the shutoff phase,commutationlogicadvancesto the nextstep;the samephasehigh,the shutoff phasegoeslow, and the low phaseis shutoff. Initially,the BEMFis not strongenoughtodetectthe zerocrossings,at this very initialstagethe commutationswitchesautomaticallyuntil the BEMFis largeenoughto startupmode,100%dutycycleis appliedregardlessof commutationlogicreceives4 continuoussuccessfulzero-crossings,it switchesto certaincases,the motormayhaveinitialspeedwhenthe deviceattemptsto startupthe occurs,the commutationlogicjumpsoverthe startupprocessand goesto motoris startedsuccessfully,the startup controlswitchesto steadystatecontrol,the motoris commutated150.

10 Thisis an advancedtrapezoidalmethodthat allowsthe deviceto drivethe phasesgraduallyto the maximumcurrentand graduallyto 0 at 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedSubmitD ocumentationFeedback11 ProductFolderLinks:DRV11873 DRV11873 SLWS237A NOVEMBER2012 (continued) deviceis commandedto decelerateor stopthe motor,in orderto protectthe IC and the system,theDRV11873has voltagesupply,VCC, fromsurgingabovethe do this, the devicemonitorsthe currentflow in the MOSFET sand is ableto sensewhenthe surgingstartsto AVSfunctioncontrolsthe current,not allowingit to chargebackto VCCso that thereis 2012 2014,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedProduct FolderLinks:DRV1187310 FGNDVCPCSFGCPNVCCWUPWMINVCPPV5 FSFRRDCOM12345678910111213141516100 k!100 k! k! NOVEMBER2012 REVISEDNOVEMBER20149 Applicationand ImplementationNOTEI nformationin the followingapplicationssectionsis not partof the TI componentspecification,and TI doesnot warrantits accuracyor s customersareresponsiblefor determiningsuitabilityof componentsfor test theirdesignimplementationto 10- F or higherceramiccapacitorconnectedto VCCand groundfor ,the strategyof groundcopperpouris very importantto enhancethe two or morelayers,use exampleof the highcurrentmotors,placethreeSchottkydiod esbetweenphasesU, V, W, connectedto groundandthe cathodeterminalmustbeconnectedto eitherU, V, or W.