AD7745/AD7746 24-Bit Capacitance-to-Digital …

1 24-Bit Capacitance-to-Digital Converterwith Temperature sensor AD7745/AD7746 Rev. 0 Information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices . Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, Tel: Fax: 2005 analog devices , Inc. All rights reserved.

2 FEATURES Capacitance-to-Digital converter New standard in single chip solutions Interfaces to single or differential floating sensors Resolution down to 4 aF (that is, up to 21 ENOB) Accuracy: 4 fF Linearity: Common-mode (not changing) capacitance up to 17 pF Full-scale (changing) capacitance range: 4 pF Tolerant of parasitic capacitance to ground up to 60 pF Update rate: 10 Hz to 90 Hz Simultaneous 50 Hz and 60 Hz rejection at 16 Hz Temperature sensor on-chip Resolution: C, accuracy: 2 C Voltage input channel Internal clock oscillator 2-wire serial interface (I2C -compatible) Power V to V single-supply operation mA current consumption Operating temperature: 40 C to +125 C 16-lead TSSOP package APPLICATIONS Automotive, industrial, and medical systems for Pressure measurement Position sensing Level sensing Flowmeters Humidity sensing Impurity detection GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD7745/AD7746 are a high resolution, - Capacitance-to-Digital converter (CDC).

3 The capacitance to be measured is connected directly to the device inputs. The architecture fea-tures inherent high resolution ( 24-Bit no missing codes, up to 21-bit effective resolution), high linearity ( ), and high accuracy ( 4 fF factory calibrated). The AD7745/AD7746 capacitance input range is 4 pF (changing), while it can accept up to 17 pF common-mode capacitance (not changing), which can be balanced by a programmable on-chip, digital -to- capacitance converter (CAPDAC). The AD7745 has one capacitance input channel, while the AD7746 has two channels. Each channel can be configured as single-ended or differential. The AD7745/AD7746 are designed for floating capacitive sensors. For capacitive sensors with one plate connected to ground, the AD7747 is recommended.

4 The parts have an on-chip temperature sensor with a resolution of C and accuracy of 2 C. The on-chip voltage reference and the on-chip clock generator eliminate the need for any external components in capacitive sensor applications. The parts have a standard voltage input, which together with the differential reference input allows easy interface to an external temperature sensor , such as an RTD, thermistor, or diode. The AD7745/AD7746 have a 2-wire, I2C-compatible serial interface. Both parts can operate with a single power supply from V to V. They are specified over the automotive temperature range of 40 C to +125 C and are housed in a 16-lead TSSOP package. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS DIGITALFILTER24-BIT - MODULATORCLOCKGENERATORMUXTEMPSENSORCAP DACCAP DACVOLTAGEREFERENCECONTROL LOGICCALIBRATIONAD7745 VDDREFIN(+)REFIN( )GNDSDASCLRDYVIN(+)VIN( )CIN1(+)CIN1( )EXCAEXCB05468-001I2 CSERIALINTERFACEEXCITATION Figure 1.

5 DIGITALFILTER24-BIT - MODULATORMUXTEMPSENSORCAP DACCAP DACVOLTAGEREFERENCECONTROL LOGICCALIBRATIONAD7746 VDDREFIN(+)REFIN( )GNDSDASCLRDYVIN(+)VIN( )CIN1(+)CIN1( )CIN2(+)CIN2( )EXC1 EXC205468-002 CLOCKGENERATORI2 CSERIALINTERFACEEXCITATION Figure 2. AD7745/AD7746 Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 28 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Timing 5 Absolute Maximum 6 Pin Configurations and Function 7 Typical Performance 8 Output Noise and Resolution 11 Serial 12 Read 12 Write 12 AD7745/AD7746 13 General 13 Register 14 Status 15 Cap Data 15 VT Data 15 Cap Set-Up 16 VT Set-Up 16 EXC Set-Up 17 Configuration 18 Cap DAC A 19 Cap DAC B 19 Cap Offset Calibration 19 Cap Gain Calibration 19 Volt Gain Calibration 19 Circuit 20 20 Capacitance-to-Digital 20 Excitation 20 21 Single-Ended Capacitive 21 Differential Capacitive 21 Parasitic capacitance to 22 Parasitic Resistance to 22 Parasitic Parallel 22 Parasitic Serial 23 Capacitive Gain 23

6 Capacitive System Offset 23 Internal Temperature 23 External Temperature 24 Vo l t a g e I n p u 24 VDD 24 Ty pi c a l App l i c at i o n D i a g r a 24 Outline 25 Ordering 25 REVISION HISTORY 4/05 Revision 0: Initial Version AD7745/AD7746 Rev. 0| Page 3 of 28 SPECIFICATIONS VDD = V to V or V to V; GND = 0 V; EXC = 32 kHz; EXC = VDD/2; 40 C to +125 C, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments CAPACITIVE INPUT

7 Conversion Input Range pF1 Factory calibrated Integral Nonlinearity (INL)2 % of FSR No Missing Codes2 24 Bit Conversion time 62 ms Resolution, p-p Bit Conversion time = 62 ms, see Table 5 Resolution Effective 19 Bit Conversion time = 62 ms, see Table 5 Output Noise, rms 2 aF/ Hz See Table 5 Absolute Error3 4 fF1 25 C, VDD = 5 V, after offset calibrationOffset Error2, 4 32 aF1 After system offset calibration.

8 Excluding effect of noise4 System Offset Calibration Range2 1 pF Offset Drift vs. Temperature 1 aF/ C Gain Error5 % of FS 25 C, VDD = 5 V Gain Drift vs. Temperature2 28 26 24 ppm of FS/ C Allowed capacitance to GND2 60 pF See Figure 9 and Figure 10 Power Supply Rejection 1 fF/V Normal Mode Rejection 65 dB 50 Hz 1%, conversion time = 62 ms 55 dB 60 Hz 1%, conversion time = 62 ms Channel-to-Channel Isolation 70 dB AD7746 only CAPDAC Full Range 17 21 pF Resolution6 164 fF 7-bit CAPDAC Drift vs.

9 Temperature2 24 26 28 ppm of FS/ C EXCITATION Frequency 32 kHz Voltage Across capacitance VDD/8 V Configurable via digital interface VDD/4 V VDD 3/8 V VDD/2 V Average DC Voltage Across capacitance < 40 mV Allowed capacitance to GND2

10 100 pF See Figure 11 TEMPERATURE SENSOR7 VREF internal Resolution C Error2 2 C Internal temperature sensor 2 C External sensing diode8 VOLTAGE INPUT7 VREF internal or VREF = V Differential VIN Voltage Range VREF V Absolute VIN Voltage2 GND VDD + V Integral Nonlinearity (INL) 3 15 ppm of FS No Missing Codes2 24 Bit Conversion time = ms Resolution, p-p 16 Bits Conversion time = 62 ms See Table 6 and Table 7 Output Noise 3 V rms Conversion time = 62 ms See Table 6 and Table 7 Offset Error 3 V Offset Drift vs.